Roe deer tCapreolus capreoltıs L., 1758) is the smallest Cervid species in Turkey. The roe deer have more ecological and biological advantages than the other Cervid species. So these features are inercasing their impcrtance for Turkey. Because of the poaching and unconscious hunting, their numbers rcdııccd drastically in the past. But, now sorne arrangcmcnts of law, tax and dissuasive punishments, people become more sensitiye about nature and environment also migration from rural areas to big cities have decreased the human pressure on roe deer's populations. In this study, their biological characteristics, distributions, population status, habitats and foods have examined and notified their economic, biodiversity and hunting importance for Turkey.