In this research the disıinguishing anatomic and palynologieal fcatures hetvveetı Olca ettropea var. oleaster L. and Olea europea var. sativa I.ehr. \vere e.vamined. An important tree of ıhe Mediıerranean elimate is Olea europea 1... \vhieh has a vvide distribuıion in Turkey. In our eounıry the numher of olive trees has heen inereasing över the years. The subjeeı of our study, Olea europea var. oleaster I.. in the Aegean regioıı represents approximatc!y 50-51 million trees. and every vear. in the same regioıı 500.000 f)lives are planted (U SLU , 1060). Sometimes it heeomes important to distinguish grafted and ungrafted olive trees Olea europea var. oleaster L. beeause of disputes betvveeıı landowners. especially över trees on
boundary lines. Aİlhough il is usually possible to teli grafted and ungrafted trees apart bv ıhe appearaııce at the point \vhere the graft was made. a seienlifie approach is nıore reliable. VVith this aim in mind, samples \vcrc laken from ungrafted and grafted olive trees ııı llıe Milas district and \vere examincd for differences in palinologv and \vood anatomy (the interııal morphology of vvood). Planıing and grafıing in order to build a foresi for purpııse of eeonomie profil in interııal
and e.vternal area of natural e.\tension lıave heen made but this has created a disagreemenı ın land surveying. We believe t hat nıany charaeterisiics of Olea europea var. oleaster [.. and Olea europea var. sativa I.elır. should he distinguıslıed to solve tlıis problem from llıe point ol vievv of legal and seienlifie aspeets. Anatoınical and paliııological stııdies lıave heen made on llıe samples of Olea europea var. oleaster L. and Olea europea var. sativa I.elır. vvhich vvere obtained from the tovvnship of Milas, province of Muğla. As it is sen on table <S length of fiber in Olea europea var. oleaster I . is 0.620 mm. and ın Olea europea var. sativa I.elır. is 0.S65 mm. The vvidtlı of fiber in Olea europea var. oleaster l.. is 14.06 jjliti and in Olea europea var. sativa I.ehr. ıs 13.4. The vvidtlı of İnmen ıs 5.16 jj.m and llıe ılıiekness of membrane is 3.97 jj.m in Olea europea var. oleaster I . and ın Olea europea var .sativa Lehr. is 4.74 ^m. The maxsimal heighl of corelight in O/ea europea var. oleaster L. is 233.2 p_m and in O/ea europea var. sativa Lehr. is 276.6. The maximal heighl of celi of corelight in Olca europea var. oleaster L. is 32 cells. but in the O/ea europea var. sativa Lehr. is 25. cells. The \vidth of corelight in O/ea europea var. oleaster 1. is 35.1 mj± but in Oka europea var. sativa Lehr. is 3b.S. The length of trahe cells in Olca europea var. oleaster L. ıs 262.1 mm. and in O/ea europea var. .sYt/MY/Lchr. is 309.8 The radial diameter of trahe cells in O/ea europea var. oleaster L. 37.54 and in Oka europea var. sativa Lehr. is 37.05. The tangential diameter in Oka europea var. oleaster L. is 37.92 and in Oka europea var. sativa Lehr. is 36.51. The thıckness of menıbrane in Oka europea var. oleaster L. is 2.86 and in Oka europea var. sativa Lehr. is 2.38. The radial diameter, the tangential diameter and membrane thickness of trahe celi in Olca europea var. sativa Lehr. \vere mcasured in the spring \vood. The number of trahe on 1/2 mm", in Oka europea var. oleaster L. in spring vvood is 28-37, in summenvood ıs 20-27 bul in Olca europea var. sativa Lehr. in spring vvood is 52-60 and in summer vvood is 29-35. Olearezin e.vists in smali quantily in the trahe cells ol' Olea europea var. sativa Lehr. On ıhe other haııd. more olearezin exists in Oka europea var. oleaster I . As il is scen on ırahe Table 8, Oka europea var. sativa Lehr. could be distingııished from Oka europea var. oleaster L. by its pollens. The shape of pollen in the fresh pollens of O/ea europea var. sativa Lehr. is sııboblata bul in ıhe fresh pollens of Oka europea var. oleaster L. is sphaeroidea, and in ıhe fossilized pollens are Sphaeroidea but in Oka europea var. oleaster L. and Oka europea var. sativa. Lehr. The exine is thicker in O/ea europea var. sativa Lehr. as comparcd to Oka europea var. oleaster L ıhe eet/end radio is higher in Olea europea var. sativa Lehr. than Oka europea var. oleaster L. The diameter of reticules is larger in Oka europea var. sativa Lehr. than Olea europea var. oleaster L